Health & Prevention
Pomeranian Health and Wellbeing
The Pomeranian is a robust breed with few specific health concerns compared to the canine average. However, like all cherished companions, they require specialised care and attention at certain intervals to ensure a long and flourishing life.
Essential Guidance for Your Pomeranian's Health
From preventative measures to vaccinations, and from stress management to common ailments, here is your definitive guide to ensuring a long, healthy, and happy life for your Pomeranian.
The Veterinarian: Your Trusted Partner in Pomeranian Health
Your veterinarian is your expert consultant and a fundamental pillar for your Pomeranian’s health. Select a professional who displays a genuine affinity for animals, possesses expertise in the breed, and remains consistently updated on clinical advancements. An annual visit for vaccinations and routine screenings is the perfect opportunity to familiarise your dog with the professional and ensure a thorough general health assessment.
The Pillars of Sustained Pomeranian Health
The fundamental steps for your Pomeranian’s long-term health, to be established and followed meticulously with your vet, include: regular vaccinations following the WSAVA protocol, periodic deworming, annual specialist check-ups, a super-premium diet tailored to the breed, constant access to pristine water, and the use of supplements (e.g., probiotics, essential fatty acids, and tartar control products) as recommended by your specialist.
Navigating and Managing Stress and Anxiety
A Pomeranian may instinctively face moments of stress and anxiety. Your reassuring presence, a tranquil environment, and the maintenance of a stable daily routine are of immense benefit. Various solutions exist, such as maternal pheromone diffusers or specific canine supplements, which can support the dog during difficult transitions or significant changes, always in accordance with professional veterinary advice.
Which Vaccinations are Recommended for the Pomeranian?
We recommend scrupulously following the WSAVA (World Small Animal Veterinary Association) vaccination protocol under constant veterinary supervision. Generally, this includes: every three years for distemper, infectious hepatitis, and parvovirus; and annually for leptospirosis and parainfluenza. Specific prophylaxis for diseases such as leishmaniasis and heartworm should be agreed upon with your vet based on your geographical location and exposure risk.
Managing Dental Tartar in the Pomeranian
Tartar is a common issue for Spitz-type dogs and can lead to halitosis and premature tooth loss. To manage it, several solutions are available: additives for drinking water, ultrasonic toothbrushes designed for dogs, or manual cleaning with a specialized finger stall. Frequently, one or more professional dental scalings performed under anaesthesia by a veterinarian are necessary throughout the dog's life to maintain oral hygiene and prevent systemic complications.
Parasiticides: Choosing for a Sensitive Pomeranian
Many Pomeranians have exhibited adverse reactions to "spot-on" pipette or oral parasiticides. At our ethical boutique breeding estate, we prefer the use of a high-quality, slow-release collar (e.g., Seresto). This provides prolonged protection for several months against fleas, ticks, and often mosquitoes, while minimizing the risk of systemic or cutaneous reactions. Always consult your vet for the safest choice for your individual dog.
Managing Dermatitis: Indicators and Actions
If your Pomeranian scratches persistently or exhibits redness and skin lesions, it may be suffering from dermatitis, often linked to environmental or dietary allergies. It is essential to consult a veterinarian promptly for an accurate diagnosis. Treatment may include specific supplements (e.g., palmitoylethanolamide, omega-3 fatty acids), topical therapies, and, if required, a transition to a hypoallergenic diet.
Diarrhoea Management: When to Seek Professional Advice
A healthy, correctly nourished Pomeranian should not experience frequent episodes of diarrhoea. If an episode does not resolve spontaneously within 24-48 hours, or is accompanied by other symptoms such as lethargy, vomiting, or abdominal pain, consult your vet immediately. Intervention typically involves a temporary gastrointestinal diet and specific canine probiotics.
Vomiting in the Pomeranian: Recognition and Response
Vomiting can occur due to acidity or prolonged fasting and is not always concerning. However, if vomiting is frequent, persistent, or accompanied by lethargy, pain, abdominal swelling, or inappetence, seek veterinary advice immediately. It could be a symptom of more severe issues, such as poisoning, a foreign body, or an intestinal obstruction.
Fainting or Collapse: Immediate Emergency Procedures
Pomeranian puppies can sometimes experience energy crashes leading to collapse, often linked to hypoglycaemia. In the event of sudden lethargy or weakness, a small amount of honey applied to the gums can help them regain strength rapidly. If fainting follows intense exertion, heat stroke, or is unexplained, the situation is critical and requires immediate veterinary diagnostic and emergency intervention.
Alopecia X: Understanding and Managing Coat Loss
Alopecia X, or Black Skin Disease (BSD), is a syndrome that causes extensive coat loss and skin hyperpigmentation in the Pomeranian. To date, no specimen from Casa dei Pomerania has presented compatible symptoms. Several non-surgical treatments exist with excellent outcomes, although the underlying cause is not yet fully understood. If you suspect symptoms of alopecia, notify your breeder and veterinarian immediately for a management plan.
Abnormal Coat Loss: Distinguishing Normalcy from Concern
Seasonal shedding is a natural process, as is the more intense coat loss experienced by females during heat or following pregnancy. However, signs of abnormal coat loss—whether patchy, diffuse, or associated with skin lesions—should always be discussed with your veterinarian and breeder. These may indicate dermatitis, hormonal imbalances, nutritional deficiencies, or other underlying pathologies.
A Guide to Prevention and Longevity
The Zwergspitz (Pomeranian) is a remarkably robust and long-lived breed, capable of bestowing joy and companionship for many years. However, as with any canine breed—and particularly as a “toy” dog resulting from centuries of meticulous selection—they possess a genetic proclivity towards specific pathological conditions.
Understanding these risks should not cause trepidation, but rather empower you with stewardship. In-depth knowledge, combined with attentive management and the choice of a fastidious breeder, is the key to ensuring your Pomeranian enjoys a life of health, happiness, and timeless elegance.
Life Expectancy
With bespoke care, a refined diet, and constant health monitoring, the average life expectancy of a Pomeranian stands between 12 and 16 years. It is not uncommon to encounter specimens that surpass this threshold, a testament to the breed’s inherent constitutional strength.
Breed Proclivities and Common Conditions
The majority of health considerations for the Pomeranian are inextricably linked to their diminutive stature and specific conformation. Below are the most frequent conditions requiring your vigilant attention.
Patellar Luxation This is the most prevalent orthopaedic condition within the breed. The patella (kneecap) “slips” out of its natural groove in the femur. This may manifest as a “skipping” gait (where the dog misses a step before returning to a normal walk) or, in more severe instances, persistent lameness. Early diagnosis and the maintenance of an optimal weight are crucial for long-term mobility.
Tracheal Collapse A weakening of the cartilaginous rings that form the trachea, causing it to flatten and obstruct the passage of air. The primary symptom is a dry, harsh cough, often likened to a “goose honk,” frequently triggered by excitement, exertion, or pressure on the neck. It is imperative and non-negotiable to always utilise an H-harness or Roman harness instead of a traditional collar.
Alopecia X (Black Skin Disease - BSD) A complex and challenging dermatological condition characterised by progressive, symmetrical hair loss, often accompanied by hyperpigmentation (darkening) of the underlying skin. While it is neither itchy nor painful for the dog, it has a significant aesthetic impact. The precise aetiology remains under study, and treatments vary in their efficacy.
Dental Pathologies Small breeds are exceptionally predisposed to the accumulation of plaque and tartar, leading to gingivitis and periodontal disease. This condition can cause acute pain, systemic infections, and premature tooth loss. Consistent oral hygiene (daily brushing) and regular veterinary prophylaxis are fundamental.
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease (Aseptic Necrosis of the Femoral Head) A pathology affecting the hip joint, causing degeneration of the femoral head due to insufficient blood supply. It leads to severe and painful lameness, typically manifesting during the dog’s youth.
Ocular Conditions Conditions such as distichiasis (an extra row of eyelashes that may irritate the cornea) or Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) can occur within the breed. Periodic ophthalmological screenings are highly recommended.
The Paramount Role of Prevention and Ethical Boutique Breeding
The vitality of your puppy begins long before their birth. The most significant step a prospective owner can take is to select an ethical, serious, and responsible boutique breeder. A quality breeder does not merely produce aesthetically pleasing puppies but actively invests in the genetic health of the lineage.
What to verify and enquire about:
- Official Health Screenings of Sires & Dams: Request to view the official certifications confirming that the puppy’s parents have been tested and cleared (or found to have an acceptable grade) for the main hereditary pathologies. Essential tests for the Pomeranian include:
- Patellar Luxation Certification (e.g., Grade 0/0).
- Official Ophthalmic Examination by a specialist veterinary surgeon.
- Cardiac Evaluation.
- Transparency: A reputable breeder will be delighted to share the results of these tests, discuss bloodlines and potential risks openly, and provide you with all the puppy’s comprehensive health documentation.
Psychological Wellbeing: A Sound Mind in a Sound Body
True health is more than the mere absence of infirmity. The Pomeranian’s wellbeing is intimately tied to their psychological state. As an exceptionally intelligent, sensitive breed, deeply bonded to their family, they require:
- Mental Enrichment: To prevent boredom and stress-related behaviours.
- Predictable Routines: Which provide a sense of security and sanctuary.
- Expert Solitude Management: To prevent the onset of separation anxiety.
- Continuous Socialisation: To maintain a balanced and confident temperament.
A psychologically fulfilled Pomeranian is a more resilient companion, less prone to stress-related health issues. Your dedication to their mind is every bit as vital as the care of their body.
Do You Have Specific Questions Regarding Your Pomeranian’s Health?
The health and wellbeing of your companion are our utmost priority. If you have concerns or wish for a personalised consultation on prevention, nutrition, or the management of specific health issues, our experts are at your complete disposal to guide you.